Italy court. Like every year, there specchiamo in numbers of Istat Annual Report and found that those in the image data show us something known, something new, something we do not see, – to look good – what we should do. But too often we do not do, blocked by a dynamic decision (that is, above all, political) which in turn refers problems.
The first reference is to the generation of Millennials, those born from the eighties to the first half of the nineties. The most obvious way is what gives account of the increasing propensity of young people to remain at home, then in the hall of the delay in the “adult” life: in 2015 still lives in the family 70.1% of the “boys” (let’s call yet well) for 25-29 years and 54.7% of their peers. But the most strong, and more worrying for the future, is the continuing decline in the fertility rate, which contribute above all women and men of this generation, who are postponing motherhood and fatherhood in the future.
This choice (or, rather, non-choice), is consistent with the whole picture: do not leave home because work, when there is, is precarious, and even the small change of direction on employment last year has affected especially the adults, even the oldest, without improving the prospects of the youngest. And this happened because it was a shift in the work given, because the economic recovery has been weak, and because it has no impact on the ancestral ills of the economy: first of all, poor productivity and innovation. The only reform that has really affected was increasing the retirement age, linked to the requirements of public finance and accounting balance, which, however, at a time of sluggish economy, has blocked the generational relay.
So, take center stage there are no young people – the future – but the elders. And the second reference is to the acknowledgment of this problem. The Istat report data now allow us to better understand what happened in the year that had alarmed us for the increase in the number of deaths. The same thing – an increase in mortality – has occurred in many European countries, due to a very cold winter and a very hot summer that made victims among the very old, the most vulnerable. In the same year, it has ceased their positive contribution to Italian demographics by immigrants. Thus, for the first time, the population has decreased, of 139,000 units. An older country, more fragile and not helped by the contribution of foreigners: this is the problem that we face, which is certainly not solved by closing the borders that many hope.
In this framework, we are all worse. They are relatively better those who can count on a social background, family and more solid economic. L ‘Istat tells us that we had the highest increase – to compare it with the countries for which data are available – the earned income inequalities: the index that measures rose from 0.40 to 0.51 from 1990 to 2010. and the relative advantage of people who have a status of a high starting (home ownership, parents and graduates with managerial profession) it is to us much stronger than the European average, comparable only to countries such as the UK .
Other than equality of opportunity. In our country the starting positions are very different, and the differences at birth – for family, for class, for territory – does not intervene any countermeasure. So much so that we are witnessing an impressive reversal, for which poverty now covers especially children. From ’97 to 2014, the relative poverty of children has risen from 11.7% to 19%. In the same years, the incidence of poverty among the elderly has dropped from 16.1 to 9.8%. Guilty of a welfare system that covers part of the population and not on the future. While it should roll out new types of nets and protections, they take note of the changes and to budget constraints, but that do not leave everyone alone to face the increasing difficulties.
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